What does the term "clinical attachment loss" (CAL) refer to?

The term "clinical attachment loss" (CAL) specifically refers to the loss of periodontal supporting structures, which includes the attachment of the periodontal ligament to the cementum on the root surface and the underlying alveolar bone. It is measured from a fixed point, typically the cemento-enamel junction (CEJ), to the depth of the periodontal pocket. This measurement is crucial in assessing the severity of periodontal disease as it reflects the extent to which the supporting structures have been compromised.

Understanding CAL is essential in clinical practice because it helps dental professionals evaluate periodontal health, monitor disease progression, and develop treatment plans for managing periodontal conditions. It provides a clear metric that highlights not just pocket depth but the overall stability and support of the dental structures in a patient's mouth.