What is the primary cause of gingival hyperplasia?

Gingival hyperplasia is primarily associated with certain medications, particularly anticonvulsants, calcium channel blockers, and immunosuppressants. These medications can lead to an atypical proliferation of gum tissue, resulting in an overgrowth that can cover the teeth and create challenges in maintaining oral hygiene.

While factors such as poor oral hygiene and excessive sugar intake can contribute to periodontal disease and other gingival conditions, they are not direct causes of gingival hyperplasia. Genetic predisposition may influence an individual’s response to certain stimuli, but it does not directly cause the gum tissue overgrowth as medications do. Understanding the link between specific medications and gingival health is crucial for dental professionals in order to manage and mitigate the effects of gingival hyperplasia effectively.