When is root planning typically performed?

Root planning is typically performed during active or maintenance therapy for periodontitis. This procedure is crucial for removing calculus, biofilm, and areas of root surface irregularity to promote healing in periodontal tissues. During active therapy, root planning helps to reduce pocket depths and create a smoother surface on the tooth roots, which facilitates the reattachment of gingival tissues and improves overall periodontal health.

In the context of maintenance therapy, root planning can help in managing ongoing periodontal care, where regular assessments and interventions are necessary to ensure that periodontal disease remains under control. This is especially important for patients with a history of periodontitis, as it supports the maintenance of any improvements achieved during initial treatment.

The other options do not accurately represent the timing of root planning in relation to patient care. It is not performed before all other dental procedures, nor is it exclusive to new patient exams, nor is it a standard component of every routine cleaning visit without considering a patient's specific periodontal needs.